Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany (center), wearing a Pickelhaube, inspects troops during World War. Credit: Library of CongressThe nation's Pickelhaube helmet, distinguished by a single spike protruding directly from its top, became an icon of Prussian militarism during the early twentieth century. based on appearance, the prominent spike appears to have served no use;...
Plans to measure the impact of historical research as if it were a science will undoubtedly mean fewer history books that delight the general reader.The kind of history books that delight most readers probably incorporate original research with elegant, easily accessible prose: possibly a book such as Christopher Clark’s The Sleepwalkers or Lyndal Roper’s...
Credit: European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines & HealthcareThe rise of laboratory science in the late 19th century placed a sharp focus on the moral value of medical innovation.'Modern medical science has offered us a choice where there was once none.' So stated John Simon at the International Medical Congress in London...
Credit: GERARD SOURY/THE IMAGE BANK/GETTY IMAGESAround 19 million years ago, something horrible happened to sharks.Fossils amassed from sediments in the Pacific Ocean reveal a previously unidentified and shocking shark extinction event. During this event, the populations of the predators abruptly dropped by as much as 90 percent, researchers report in the journal Science on June 4....
The School of Athens (1509–1511) by RaphaelTo this day, most of the Western way of thinking stems from the philosophical explorations of three men of Ancient Greece. Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle. No question you have heard of these philosophers. According to Hannah Fieldings, Award-Winning Romance Novelist, she started to investigate for her latest novel, Aphrodite's Tears, placed...
Scientists have collected evidence of local symmetry breaking in a quantum material upon heating. They believe these local states are associated with electronic orbitals that serve as orbital degeneracy lifting (ODL) "precursors" to the titanium (Ti) dimers (two molecules linked together) formed when the material is cooled to low temperature. (Electron orbitals are considered...
Crystals of the material hexagonal boron nitride can be etched so that the pattern you draw at the top transforms into a smaller and razor-sharp version at the bottom. These perforations can be used as a shadow mask to draw components and circuits in graphene. This process enables a precision that is impossible with...
Some physical systems, particularly in the quantum world, do not reach stable equilibrium, even after long. An ETH researcher has now discovered a sophisticated description of this phenomenon.If a bottle of beer is placed in a huge bathtub loaded with icy water, it will not be long before you can enjoy a chilly beer....
The discoveries, by Nagoya College researchers and colleagues in Japan and released in the journal Advanced Materials, allude to the development of materials and device methods used in optical quantum computing data processing.Photons are light particles with fascinating properties that can be explored for the storage and transportation of data and reveal tremendous promise...
Researchers boost their recently developed quantum algorithm, bringing it to one-tenth the computational price of Quantum Phase Estimation, and also utilize it to directly compute the vertical ionization energies of light atoms as well as molecules such as CO, O2, CN, F2, H2O, NH3 within 0.1 electron volts of accuracy.OSAKA, Japan. Quantum computers have...
