Author - Marcílio Santos

Which Volcano is the World’s Largest?

Map of World's Largest Volcanoes. Credit: Hobart M. King, Ph.D.The map displayed above illustrates the locations of the world's major volcanoes.The Tamu Massif, which is located on the Shatsky Rise in the northwest corner of the Pacific Ocean, has the greatest mass and footprint. Mauna Kea, located on the Hawaiian island of Oahu, has...

Mount Rainier – Living Safely With a Volcano in Your Backyard

Mount Rainier towers over Seattle's growing suburbs and Tacoma, Washington, rising more than 3 miles (14,410 feet) above sea level. Over the course of a year, about two million visitors explore Mount Rainier National Park to see the volcano, glaciers, forested ridges, and alpine meadows. The volcano's elegance, though, is deceiving.Mount Rainier is considered...

Comprehensive Tracking Gives Timely Cautions of Volcano Rekindling

Volcanic monitoring types and methods employed. Credit: USGS Volcano Hazards ProgramScientists must employ numerous tools to listen to and see activity inside a volcano in order to keep a watch on it. The USGS Volcano Hazards Program monitors volcanoes for signals of change that indicate volcanic reawakening. Surveillance must include several observations (earthquakes, ground...

Is Mansa Munsa the World’s Richest Human being?

Illustration of Mansa Musa's caravan. Credit: SutoriAccording to the 2019 Forbes billionaires list, announced in March 2019, Amazon founder Jeff Bezos is the wealthiest individual on the planet. With a fortune of around $131 billion (99 billion), he is the richest man in modern history. He is not, however, the wealthiest individual who has...

The Purpose of the Pickelhaube Helmet

Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany (center), wearing a Pickelhaube, inspects troops during World War. Credit: Library of CongressThe nation's Pickelhaube helmet, distinguished by a single spike protruding directly from its top, became an icon of Prussian militarism during the early twentieth century. based on appearance, the prominent spike appears to have served no use;...

Open Access: The Future of Academia

Plans to measure the impact of historical research as if it were a science will undoubtedly mean fewer history books that delight the general reader.The kind of history books that delight most readers probably incorporate original research with elegant, easily accessible prose: possibly a book such as Christopher Clark’s The Sleepwalkers or Lyndal Roper’s...

The Morality of Modern Medicine

Credit: European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines & HealthcareThe rise of laboratory science in the late 19th century placed a sharp focus on the moral value of medical innovation.'Modern medical science has offered us a choice where there was once none.' So stated John Simon at the International Medical Congress in London...

Something Mysteriously Eliminated About 90 Percent of Sharks 19 Million Years Ago

Credit: GERARD SOURY/THE IMAGE BANK/GETTY IMAGESAround 19 million years ago, something horrible happened to sharks.Fossils amassed from sediments in the Pacific Ocean reveal a previously unidentified and shocking shark extinction event. During this event, the populations of the predators abruptly dropped by as much as 90 percent, researchers report in the journal Science on June 4....

Meet the Fathers of Philosophy: Socrates, Plato and Aristotle

The School of Athens (1509–1511) by RaphaelTo this day, most of the Western way of thinking stems from the philosophical explorations of three men of Ancient Greece. Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle. No question you have heard of these philosophers. According to Hannah Fieldings, Award-Winning Romance Novelist, she started to investigate for her latest novel, Aphrodite's Tears, placed...

Uncovering Concealed Local States in a Quantum Material

Scientists have collected evidence of local symmetry breaking in a quantum material upon heating. They believe these local states are associated with electronic orbitals that serve as orbital degeneracy lifting (ODL) "precursors" to the titanium (Ti) dimers (two molecules linked together) formed when the material is cooled to low temperature. (Electron orbitals are considered...