Modified Skin Bacteria Combat Acne by Producing a Common Drug
Researchers have shown a novel approach to combat acne by genetically modifying skin bacteria to produce proteins present in acne medications, highlighting a potential breakthrough in acne treatment.
Acne initiates when hair follicles become obstructed with a combination of dead skin cells and sebum, which can lead to inflammation and the development of pimples, bumps, and whiteheads. Traditional treatments involve medication that either eliminates oil-producing cells or antibiotics that combat bacteria within the follicles. Emerging experimental approaches include vaccines, probiotics, and microneedle patches designed to target the bacteria contributing to acne.
Genetic Modification for Acne Treatment
But what if we could harness the potential of these bacteria? In a recent study, researchers at Pompeu Fabra University (UPF) in Spain delved into the possibility of genetically modifying skin-residing bacteria to synthesize the active compounds found in acne treatments. Their focus was on Cutibacterium acnes, the predominant bacterial species inhabiting our skin and residing deep within our hair follicles.
Excessive production of sebum, an oily substance, is a common acne trigger, and many acne medications, such as isotretinoin, function by eliminating the cells responsible for its secretion. In this experiment, the researchers engineered C. acnes to produce a protein known as NGAL, which naturally mediates the effects of isotretinoin.
Testing the Modified Bacteria in Laboratory and Animal Models
The team conducted experiments with the modified bacteria on cultured human skin cells in the laboratory, where they observed the production and release of NGAL, resulting in reduced sebum levels. In subsequent tests on mice, the bacteria demonstrated viability and functionality. However, due to the significant differences between mouse and human skin, assessing its efficacy in treating acne was not feasible.
This innovative approach not only holds promise for acne treatment but also offers potential in decreasing reliance on antibiotics, which are encountering growing resistance from bacteria. Further research is required to advance this technique to human trials, including testing on three-dimensional skin models. Moreover, the researchers suggest its adaptability to address various skin conditions, with atopic dermatitis being a primary target.
Lead researcher Marc Güell highlighted the versatility of their technology platform, emphasizing its potential beyond acne treatment. He mentioned the possibility of utilizing C. acnes for skin-related sensing applications or immune modulation, showcasing its broader therapeutic implications.
Read the original article on: New Atlas
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