New Method Detects Nanoplastics In Body Fluids Using Optofluidics And Raman Spectroscopy

Microplastics and even tinier nanoplastics can enter the human body through different pathways, such as consumption of food or inhalation. While a significant portion is expelled from the body, some particles persist in organs, the bloodstream, and other bodily fluids.

The Nano-VISION project, launched two years ago with BRAVE Analytics, explored the potential implications of nanoplastics in ophthalmology. Harald Fitzek from TU Graz led the team, which collaborated with a Graz ophthalmologist.

The team developed a technique to detect, measure, and identify the chemical composition of nanoplastics in transparent bodily fluids. Their findings have been published in the journal Analytical Chemistry.

As a notable use of the method, the research team is exploring whether intraocular lenses emit nanoplastics. This area has not been studied before, and preliminary findings have already been submitted to a scientific journal.

Diffused laser light indicates the concentration and makeup of the substance.

Micro- and nanoplastics are identified in two stages. The sensor platform created by BRAVE Analytics draws in the liquid for analysis and channels it through a glass tube. A weakly focused laser is directed through the liquid, either with or against the flow. When light hits particles, the laser pulse alters their speed, with larger particles experiencing a stronger effect.

The varying velocity values provide insights into the particle size and their concentration in the liquid. This technique, known as optofluidic force induction, was developed by Christian Hill of BRAVE Analytics at the Medical University of Graz.

The innovation lies in merging optofluidic force induction with Raman spectroscopy. This approach now also analyzes the spectrum of laser light scattered by individual particles in the liquid.

A small portion of the light, known as Raman scattering, has a different frequency than the laser, enabling insights into the composition of the particles.

“Based on the material of the focused particles, the frequency values vary slightly in each case, revealing the precise chemical composition,” explains Raman spectroscopy specialist Fitzek. “This method is especially effective with organic materials and plastics.”

Intraocular lenses: Investigations into the potential presence of nanoparticles

The Institute of Electron Microscopy and Nanoanalysis is currently investigating how much nanoplastic is released from  intraocular lenses  under mechanical stress  or laser exposure. Ophthalmic surgeons and lens manufacturers will rely on the results of these studies, which will be published in a scientific journal.

“Our method for detecting micro- and nanoplastics can be used for clear bodily fluids like urine, tear fluid, or blood plasma,” says Fitzek. “It is also ideal for continuous monitoring of liquid flows in industrial settings, as well as in drinking and wastewater.”

Read the original article on: Phys.Org

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