Scientists Unveil Method To Harness Solar Power on the Moon Using Lunar Dust

A groundbreaking discovery could transform space exploration: researchers have developed a way to produce solar energy on the Moon using lunar dust itself. This technique involves converting lunar regolith—the abundant surface material on the Moon—into a type of glass that can conduct electricity, potentially enabling the creation of sustainable lunar outposts without relying on equipment sent from Earth.

From Dust to Moonglass: How It Works

The study, led by Felix Lang from the University of Potsdam in Germany, was published in the journal Device. Using NASA-developed lunar regolith simulants, the team mimicked Moon-like conditions and melted the material with concentrated sunlight, forming a new type of glass named “Moonglass.”

When paired with perovskite—a highly efficient light-absorbing crystal—this lunar glass forms solar cells that are resistant to cosmic radiation, making them well-suited for the Moon’s harsh environment. Additionally, the glass’s natural brown hue helps prevent darkening from prolonged exposure to space light, extending the lifespan of the solar panels.

While current prototypes achieve just 10% energy conversion, lab tests with process improvements have shown potential efficiencies up to 23%. For comparison, conventional space-grade solar panels can reach 40%. Still, the ability to manufacture solar panels directly on the Moon using local resources offsets the lower efficiency.

The major advantage lies in reducing mission costs and logistics. Producing solar panels in situ could cut the payload weight from Earth by up to 99%—a game-changer for long-duration or permanent lunar missions.

Testing the Tech on the Moon’s South Pole

Next steps involve testing the technology in actual lunar conditions. The team is planning a trial mission to the Moon’s south pole, an area with high solar exposure and frozen water deposits—ideal for supporting future human settlements.

If successful, this innovation could lay the foundation for solar power generation beyond Earth, opening the door to energy independence across the solar system.

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