Spectacular Cat-Sized Rat Caught On Video For The Very First Time

A rare, large nocturnal rodent living in mountainous regions has been filmed and photographed for the first time — an impressive milestone for zoology, comparable to winning the scientific lottery. The animal had only been seen once in the past 30 years, with descriptions limited to a few museum specimens.

Scientific expedition to uncover New Guinea’s wildlife secrets

Czech researcher František Vejmělka had his big opportunity during a six-month expedition to the dense mountainous forests of New Guinea, aiming to fill gaps in knowledge about the local wildlife. Even relatively well-known species, such as tree kangaroos, still have many unknown aspects in this remote territory.

Known as the subalpine woolly rat (Mallomys istapantap), this rodent is far from resembling common house mice. The males observed measured about 85 cm (almost 1 meter) long and weighed up to 2 kg (4.5 lb). It is believed they migrated to altitudes above 3,200 meters (10,500 ft) seeking less competitive resources, not necessarily competing with other rodents, since this species is herbivorous.

To survive in this cold and harsh environment, the rat developed adaptations such as thick fur and a larger body size, traits common to alpine animals. Its nocturnal behavior also helps it avoid predators — including humans.

Detailed study based on a deceased specimen

Vejmělka analyzed one of the specimens, which allowed him to examine its diet, parasites, and other features; a dog belonging to local hunters had already killed this specimen.

“It’s amazing that such a large and striking animal remains so poorly studied,” said Vejmělka. “How many other incredible species remain hidden in tropical mountains?”

Behavioral observations through camera traps

Camera traps set up on Mt. Wilhelm allowed scientists to observe the woolly rat’s behavior in its habitat, recording movement patterns, feeding habits, and other important aspects. With the help of local indigenous communities, Vejmělka genetically identified 61 species of non-flying mammals — including rodents and marsupials — at Papua New Guinea’s highest peak.

“Without the indigenous hunters who accompanied me in the mountains, I would never have been able to collect this data,” the researcher highlighted.

This unique species belongs to the murid family — which includes rats and mice — making it one of the largest in the world and the biggest recorded in the region. Fortunately, there is no risk of infestations by these “spectacular mammals,” as Vejmělka calls them. They live solitary lives, preferring to hide in underground burrows or high in tree canopies.

This discovery is crucial to addressing the lack of data on biodiversity in the Australasian tropics — areas still understudied compared to the Americas, Africa, and Southeast Asia.

Read the original article on: New Atlas

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