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  • Researchers Have Uncovered a Troubling Finding in Umbilical Cord Blood

    Researchers Have Uncovered a Troubling Finding in Umbilical Cord Blood

    Unborn babies were exposed to significantly higher levels of “forever chemicals” than researchers previously thought—and the full implications are only now starting to come into focus.
    Babies born in the early 2000s were exposed in the womb to far more “forever chemicals” than anyone realized, according to new research that used cutting-edge chemical screening on umbilical cord blood. Image Credits: Shutterstock

    Unborn babies were exposed to significantly higher levels of “forever chemicals” than researchers previously thought—and the full implications are only now starting to come into focus.

    A new study published today (February 18) in Environmental Science & Technology reports that babies born between 2003 and 2006 were exposed in the womb to far higher levels of “forever chemicals” than scientists previously believed.

    Known as per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), these chemicals encompass thousands of compounds that remain widely used. Researchers still do not fully understand their effects on human health, making it especially critical to assess how much exposure occurs before birth.

    The study was led by Shelley H. Liu, PhD, Associate Professor of Population Health Science and Policy at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. Her team developed a method to estimate newborn PFAS exposure using advanced cord blood analysis.

    PFAS are man-made chemicals used in common products like nonstick pans, stain-resistant clothing, food packaging, and firefighting foam. They’re called “forever chemicals” because they break down slowly and build up in the body and environment.

    Advanced Testing Reveals Wider PFAS Exposure

    Scientists analyzed stored cord blood from 120 infants (2003–2006) in the Cincinnati-based HOME Study to assess prenatal exposure. Now teenagers, these participants allow researchers to study links between early chemical exposure and later health.

    Instead of testing a few known chemicals, the team used a non-targeted method to screen hundreds or thousands of substances at once. This wider approach detected far more PFAS in cord blood, including newer, less-studied compounds.

    Overall, the researchers identified 42 confirmed or suspected PFAS in the samples. Many of these chemicals are not routinely included in standard screenings, and their possible health effects remain largely unknown. The results indicate that babies are exposed before birth to a diverse range of PFAS, including perfluorinated chemicals, polyfluorinated chemicals, and fluorotelomers.

    A New Method for Assessing Overall PFAS Exposure

    To better assess overall exposure, the researchers created what they termed PFAS-omics burden scores using item response theory. These scores offer a snapshot of an infant’s combined PFAS exposure at a specific point in time.

    Using this more comprehensive measure, the team found no differences in PFAS exposure between babies born to first-time mothers and those whose mothers had prior pregnancies—contradicting earlier studies that relied on narrower PFAS panels.

    “Our findings show that the way we measure PFAS makes a significant difference,” said Shelley H. Liu, the study’s first and co-corresponding author. “A broader approach shows babies are exposed to far more PFAS before birth than we thought, and some assumptions may need revising.”

    The Importance of PFAS Exposure Before Birth

    Pregnancy is a crucial stage of development, and earlier research has connected prenatal PFAS exposure to outcomes like reduced birth weight, preterm delivery, altered immune responses to vaccines, metabolic changes, and other developmental concerns.

    “Our study demonstrates that prenatal PFAS exposure is more extensive and complicated than previously thought,” said Shelley H. Liu. “Gaining a complete understanding is key to safeguarding children’s health and minimizing preventable environmental risks.”

    The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists has emphasized that reducing exposure to environmental toxins like PFAS is a “critical area of intervention.”

    Implications for Healthcare Providers and Families

    Although research increasingly shows that PFAS can affect various aspects of health, these chemicals are not regularly monitored in medical practice.

    The new approach provides a more complete way to estimate overall PFAS exposure. In the future, methods like this could assist healthcare providers in:

    • Detect people with elevated PFAS exposure
    • Closely track populations at greater risk
    • Inform strategies for preventive health

    “For the moment, this research establishes a scientific foundation,” said Shelley H. Liu. “Our aim is to advance toward earlier detection and prevention, particularly during critical periods such as pregnancy.”

    Future Directions for PFAS Studies

    The research team aims to investigate whether greater early-life PFAS exposure is associated with adverse health outcomes as children develop. They also aim to study new, less-known PFAS in cord blood and improve tools for disease prevention.

    Read the original article on: SciTechDaily

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  • Chinese Researchers Developed a Chip in Ultra-thin Fibers for Smart Clothing

    Chinese Researchers Developed a Chip in Ultra-thin Fibers for Smart Clothing

    Chinese researchers have created a flexible, hair-thin fiber chip that enables smart clothing with interactive displays, according to Xinhua News Agency, a TV BRICS partner.
    Image Credits:Tecnologia permite exibir dados sobre saúde e localização nas roupas

    Chinese researchers have created a flexible, hair-thin fiber chip that enables smart clothing with interactive displays, according to Xinhua News Agency, a TV BRICS partner.

    Each centimeter of the fiber holds about 100,000 transistors—comparable to the processing power of a modern computer when extended to one meter. The chip can handle digital and analog signals and supports neural computing for high-precision image recognition.

    Smart Clothing Enables Interactive Displays and Tactile Feedback

    Garments made with these fibers could show navigation, health data, or videos on sleeves, while smart gloves could deliver detailed tactile feedback. Researcher Wang Zhen said such gloves could enable remote surgery and more immersive video game interaction.

    Scientists are now working with hospitals to test applications in cardiovascular surgery. Lab experiments show the fiber withstands over 10,000 bends and abrasions and continues to function even after a 15.6-ton truck crushes it.

    Read the original article on: Tvbrics

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  • Researchers Packed a Powerful Computer Into One Thread

    Researchers Packed a Powerful Computer Into One Thread

    Imagine a normal-looking shirt that tracks health, environment, temperature, and travel info in real time. That same ultra-thin fiber could also help treat neurological disorders and assist in robotic surgery. These possibilities come from a groundbreaking new “fiber chip.”
    Image Credits:Just 3.3 feet of this fiber has the same processing power as a desktop computer
    Fudan University

    Imagine a normal-looking shirt that tracks health, environment, temperature, and travel info in real time. That same ultra-thin fiber could also help treat neurological disorders and assist in robotic surgery. These possibilities come from a groundbreaking new “fiber chip.”

    Fudan University Unveils Ultra-Thin Fiber Chip

    Researchers at Fudan University in Shanghai have developed complex electronic circuits inside a flexible fiber thinner than a human hair—a project over a decade in the making.

    Smart fibers themselves aren’t new—researchers have long aimed to integrate electronics into textiles for seamless connectivity. The challenge has been fitting rigid, flat chips into tiny, flexible threads.

    The scientists embedded spiral-layered circuitry in ultra-thin fiber, creating a “fiber chip” with 10,000 transistors per mm—scalable to desktop-level power in clothing.

    Each Fiber Forms a Complete Hybrid System for Digital and Analog Signals

    Additionally, each fiber integrates resistors, capacitors, and diodes, creating a full hybrid system capable of handling both digital and analog signals.

    Image Credits:The smart material has huge potential for use in medicine and textiles
    Liu Ying/Xinhua

    “Our fabrication process works well with existing chip-making tools,” said Chen Peining of Fudan University’s Institute of Fiber Materials and Devices. “We’ve already developed a method to mass-produce these fiber chips.”

    At 50 micrometers and brain-tissue flexible, the fibers suit both clothing and medical implants.

    Flexible Electronics Crucial for Brain-Computer Interfaces

    “Since the human body is soft, future technologies like brain-computer interfaces require flexible, compliant electronics,” explained study leader Peng Huisheng.

    After over a decade of development, this fiber technology could help treat conditions like Parkinson’s, epilepsy, and stroke, or be used in precision sensing tools.

    Image Credits:A researcher displays rolled-up “fiber chips” and a smart tactile glove made by weaving the chips into textiles
    Liu Ying/Xinhua

    “Smart tactile gloves made with fiber chips feel just like regular fabric,” said Chen. “They can detect and replicate the texture of different objects, allowing surgeons to ‘feel’ tissue hardness during remote robotic procedures.”

    Fiber Chips Proven Durable and Scalable in Extreme Tests

    Creating a lab prototype is one thing, but scalability and durability are key. The team tested the fibers, which survived 10,000+ bends, 30% stretching, twisting, and 100 washes. They also passed extreme heat (100 °C/212 °F) and compression tests equivalent to a 15.6-ton truck.

    The researchers are now collaborating with a hospital to adapt the fiber chips for cardiovascular surgery.

    “We hope that one day, fabrics built on fiber chips will transmit information as seamlessly as today’s phones and computers,” Chen told Xinhua.

    Read the original article on: Newatlas

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  • Chinese Researchers Created One-Atom-Thick 2D Metals

    Chinese Researchers Created One-Atom-Thick 2D Metals

    Researchers at the Institute of Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences have made a major breakthrough by producing metals just one atom thick, a development that could be transformative.
    Image Credits:Cientista clonagem Asia-Pacific Images Studio (Asia-Pacific Images Studio/Getty Images)

    Researchers at the Institute of Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences have made a major breakthrough by producing metals just one atom thick, a development that could be transformative.

    Since graphene’s discovery in 2004, 2D materials have reshaped our understanding of matter and advanced physics and materials science. In recent years,

    Why Making Two-Dimensional Metals Is So Challenging

    Zhang Guangyu, the IOP lead scientist, said creating 2D metals is difficult due to strong multi-directional metallic bonds.

    Using the van der Waals compression technique, researchers synthesized several 2D metals, including bismuth.

    These 2D metals are extraordinarily thin—about one millionth the thickness of an A4 sheet of paper and roughly one two-hundred-thousandth the width of a human hair.

    International Recognition for a Major 2D Materials Breakthrough

    The study has received strong acclaim from international reviewers, who regard it as an important breakthrough in two-dimensional materials research.

    Du Luojun of the research team said the work fills a key gap in 2D materials and will speed up scientific and technological progress.

    He noted that, like 3D metals in the past, 2D metals could drive the next stage of human innovation.

    Read the original article on: Exame

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  • Spanish Researchers Reveal what Tea Bags Release into Tea

    Spanish Researchers Reveal what Tea Bags Release into Tea

    Rising worries about microplastic pollution have pushed scientists to examine common sources of daily exposure. A recent Spanish study found that commercially available tea bags shed millions of microplastics when brewed, prompting concerns about a product consumed worldwide.
    Image Credits:Minha Vida

    Rising worries about microplastic pollution have pushed scientists to examine common sources of daily exposure. A recent Spanish study found that commercially available tea bags shed millions of microplastics when brewed, prompting concerns about a product consumed worldwide.

    Scientists from the Autonomous University of Barcelona showed that tea bags made from materials like nylon-6, polypropylene, and cellulose release tiny particles when immersed in hot water, which consumers may unknowingly ingest.

    Microplastics Found to Enter Human Cells and Circulate Through the Body

    The study reveals that microplastics can be absorbed by human intestinal cells and enter the bloodstream. This discovery heightens concerns about the possible harmful effects of microplastics on human health.

    The research was carried out by the Mutagenesis Group in the Department of Genetics and Microbiology at the Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB) as part of the European PlasticHeal project, according to the newspaper El Economista.

    The project seeks to improve understanding of how microplastics affect human health. The findings underscore the importance of evaluating the safety of plastic materials commonly used in consumer products, including tea bags.

    Read the original article on: Terra

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  • Researchers Invent Slime Capable of Producing Electricity

    Researchers Invent Slime Capable of Producing Electricity

    Scientists at the University of Guelph in Canada have developed a slime that produces electricity when squeezed. Although still in the prototype phase and undergoing early testing, the invention is already receiving praise from its creators. The findings were reported in a scientific article in the journal Science Direct.
    Image Credits:Divulgação/Universidade de Guelph e Canadian Light Source

    Scientists at the University of Guelph in Canada have developed a slime that produces electricity when squeezed. Although still in the prototype phase and undergoing early testing, the invention is already receiving praise from its creators. The findings were reported in a scientific article in the journal Science Direct.

    The Canadian Light Source, the research facility involved in the study, explained that the slime consists of 90% water, along with oleic acid (found in olive oil) and amino acids. This combination makes the material safe to handle and suitable for direct contact with skin.

    Biocompatible Piezoelectric Slime Generates Electricity Under Pressure

    The slime developed by the researchers exhibits a piezoelectric effect, allowing it to produce electrical charges when compressed. “Many materials with this property exist, but most are not biologically based or fully biocompatible,” said Erica Pensini, the lead scientist on the project, in an interview with CTV.

    In a CBC interview, Erica explained that energy-generating materials have dipoles, acting like “tiny batteries” with two poles. In most materials, these dipoles are misaligned, preventing electricity generation. The researchers found a way to align the molecules so compression generates energy.

    Prototype Slime Shows Promise for Clean Energy and Healing Applications

    Erica’s team believes the prototype could provide clean energy and support wound healing. “I apply the material to my hands. Ideally, it could enhance the body’s regeneration, since piezoelectricity plays a key role in many biological processes,” Erica said.

    The practical uses of electric slime are still being explored, but Erica’s team sees its potential for generating energy from floors, enhancing robotic skin, or tracking movement in shoe soles.

    Although it’s too early to know when—or if—this material will become part of everyday life, the potential applications are undeniably exciting.

    Read the original article on: Revista Galileu

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  • Researchers Found that Human Emotions may Influence Water Crystal Formation

    Researchers Found that Human Emotions may Influence Water Crystal Formation

    Researchers suggest that emotions such as joy, love, and anger may extend beyond the human body, potentially leaving traces on the structure of water itself. According to specialists, water exposed to different emotional inputs appears to show distinct crystal patterns, displaying orderly or chaotic shapes depending on the type of “vibration” it receives.
    Image Credits: jetss

    Researchers suggest that emotions such as joy, love, and anger may extend beyond the human body, potentially leaving traces on the structure of water itself. According to specialists, water exposed to different emotional inputs appears to show distinct crystal patterns, displaying orderly or chaotic shapes depending on the type of “vibration” it receives.

    The idea gained attention when scientists compared water samples influenced by positive expressions like “gratitude” and “hope” with others exposed to negative words. The contrast was striking: crystals linked to uplifting messages formed balanced, aesthetically pleasing shapes, while those associated with negative emotions broke into irregular and messy patterns.

    Emotional States and Their Potential Influence on the Body and Environment

    These findings have sparked debate about whether our emotional states could affect not only our surroundings but also our own bodies, given that humans are largely made of water. The research hints that nurturing positive feelings might produce physical effects that are both real and unexpected.

    Although many remain doubtful of these claims, the experiments have encouraged new avenues of inquiry. If emotions can alter microscopic structures, some argue, what broader influence might they have on the way we experience and shape the world around us?

    Read the original article on: Jetss

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  • Researchers Find a way to Stop Pig-Organ Transplant Rejection

    Researchers Find a way to Stop Pig-Organ Transplant Rejection

    Scientists have managed to prevent the rejection of a pig kidney transplanted into a human donor. The organ continued to function for 61 days in a 57-year-old brain-dead man in the United States — the longest a genetically engineered pig organ has ever lasted in a brain-dead human.
    Image Credits:Robert Montgomery prepares a pig kidney for transplant into a brain-dead man in New York in July 2023.Credit: Shelby Lum/AP via Alamy

    Scientists have managed to prevent the rejection of a pig kidney transplanted into a human donor. The organ continued to function for 61 days in a 57-year-old brain-dead man in the United States — the longest a genetically engineered pig organ has ever lasted in a brain-dead human.

    In two studies published today in Nature, researchers outline the key triggers behind immune rejection of transplanted organs. The findings could boost transplant success in humans, from both human and animal donors.

    Reversal of Organ Rejection Shown for the First Time

    Muhammad Mohiuddin, a clinician–scientist at the University of Maryland School of Medicine in Baltimore, says, “This is the first real evidence that we can reverse rejection.” He performed the first pig-heart transplant in a living patient in 2022.

    Over the past three years, surgeons have transplanted organs from genetically modified pigs — including hearts, kidneys, livers, and a thymus — into roughly a dozen living patients, but most organs eventually failed or were removed, and several recipients died shortly after surgery.

    The recipient received both a pig kidney and thymus, which helps the immune system accept the organ. Montgomery says the thymus likely improved the kidney’s survival, as seen in earlier primate studies.

    A Genetically Modified Pig Offers a New Source for Transplant Organs

    The most recent pig-organ transplant took place on 14 July 2023 at NYU Langone in New York City. The kidney and thymus came from a pig bred by Revivicor, a United Therapeutics subsidiary in Virginia. These pigs carried a single genetic alteration — the removal of the GGAT1 gene — which prevents the formation of the sugar alpha-gal on their cells. Alpha-gal is known to trigger organ rejection in transplant procedures involving non-human primates.


    Right after the transplant, the kidney functioned normally and produced urine. However, 33 days later, its performance dropped sharply, and a biopsy revealed antibody-driven rejection. The team treated the patient with plasma replacement, steroids, and pegcetacoplan to block immune tagging of pig cells. By day 49, another biopsy showed a different rejection process, this time involving inflammatory cells invading the kidney’s outer layer. Doctors treated it with a T-cell–depleting immunosuppressant, which halted the rejection and fully restored kidney function. The researchers decided to conclude the study on day 61.

    Read the original article on: Nature

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  • Researchers Create 1-Kilometer-Scale Digital Earth

    Researchers Create 1-Kilometer-Scale Digital Earth

    Weather forecasting has always been unpredictable — and climate modeling even more so. However, advances in modeling techniques and computing power have greatly improved our ability to anticipate nature’s behavior.
    Image Credits:(cokada/Canva)

    Weather forecasting has always been unpredictable — and climate modeling even more so. However, advances in modeling techniques and computing power have greatly improved our ability to anticipate nature’s behavior.

    Researchers at the Max Planck Institute unveil a near–kilometer-scale model combining weather and climate simulation.

    A Near–Kilometer-Scale Model of Earth’s Systems

    The model’s resolution is technically 1.25 kilometers per grid cell — close enough to call it kilometer-scale. The model splits Earth into 336 million surface cells and 336 million atmospheric cells, totaling 672 million points.

    For each of these cells, the researchers ran interconnected simulations to represent Earth’s key dynamic systems, dividing them into two groups: “fast” and “slow.”

    The “fast” systems encompass the energy and water cycles — essentially, the weather. Capturing these processes accurately requires extremely fine resolution, such as the 1.25-kilometer scale achieved by the new model.

    Using the ICON Model for High-Resolution Simulations

    To build their simulation, the team employed the ICOsahedral Nonhydrostatic (ICON) model, developed jointly by the German Weather Service and the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology.

    Diving into the details of climate modeling helps clarify the ideas behind their work:

    The “slow” processes, by contrast, involve the carbon cycle and long-term shifts in the biosphere and ocean chemistry. These operate over years or decades — a stark difference from the few minutes it might take a thunderstorm to pass from one 1.25 km cell to the next.

    The true innovation of the study lies in combining these fast and slow systems within a single framework. Traditionally, such comprehensive models could only run feasibly at resolutions above 40 kilometers due to computational limits.

    So how did the researchers manage it? Through a blend of advanced software engineering and cutting-edge computing hardware — some of the most powerful chips available.

    Modernizing Legacy Fortran Code for Climate Modeling

    The foundation of their model was code originally written in Fortran — a programming language that often challenges anyone attempting to modernize legacy systems from before the 1990s.

    Over time, the original code had become cluttered with add-ons that made it incompatible with modern computing architectures. To overcome this, the researchers turned to a framework called Data-Centric Parallel Programming (DaCe), which manages data in a way optimized for contemporary hardware.

    Meanwhile, science communicator Simon Clark explored whether a climate model could run on much simpler hardware — like a Raspberry Pi:

    The researchers ran their simulations on two cutting-edge supercomputers — JUPITER in Germany and Alps in Switzerland — both powered by Nvidia’s new GH200 Grace Hopper chips.

    Each GH200 combines a GPU (the “Hopper,” designed for high-speed parallel processing like that used in AI training) with a CPU (the “Grace,” developed by ARM) to divide computing tasks efficiently.

    This split allowed the team to assign the “fast” models — such as weather-related processes that update quickly — to the GPUs, while the slower, long-term carbon cycle simulations ran on the CPUs in parallel.

    Harnessing Supercomputers to Simulate Earth at Unprecedented Scale

    Using 20,480 GH200 superchips, the researchers simulated 145.7 days of Earth in a single day, calculating nearly one trillion variables.

    Of course, that also means models of this sophistication won’t be running on local weather stations anytime soon. Such computational resources are rare and often prioritized by tech companies for AI development rather than climate research.

    Still, the sheer scale and success of this project are remarkable — a major milestone that hints at a future where ultra-high-resolution climate simulations might become the norm.

    Read the original article on: Science Alert

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  • Researchers use Lab-Grown Mini-Brains to Run Computers

    Researchers use Lab-Grown Mini-Brains to Run Computers

    In a lab in the scenic Swiss town of Vevey, a scientist nourishes small clusters of human brain cells with a nutrient-rich solution to keep them alive.
    Image Credits:Sixteen brain organoids, connected to electrodes, inside an incubator at the lab of Swiss start-

    In a lab in the scenic Swiss town of Vevey, a scientist nourishes small clusters of human brain cells with a nutrient-rich solution to keep them alive.

    Mini-brains must stay healthy to process information, since unlike laptops, they can’t reboot once they die.

    This new field, called biocomputing or “wetware,” aims to harness the brain’s natural processing power.

    Brain-Cell Processors as the Future of AI

    At Swiss start-up FinalSpark, co-founder Fred Jordan told AFP he believes brain-cell processors could one day replace silicon chips powering AI.

    While today’s AI relies on semiconductors to mimic neurons, Jordan argues: “Instead of copying, let’s use the real thing.”

    Biocomputing may also curb AI’s massive energy use, which threatens climate goals. Biological neurons work a million times more efficiently than artificial ones and reproduce endlessly in labs, unlike limited AI chips.

    Image Credits:FinalSpark co-founder Fred Jordan believes that processors using brain cells will one day rep

    For now, wetware’s computing abilities remain far from rivaling the hardware that powers today’s world.

    To create its “bioprocessors,” FinalSpark begins by acquiring stem cells, originally derived from donated human skin cells. These versatile cells can develop into any type of cell in the body.

    The team then converts them into neurons and groups them into millimeter-sized clusters called brain organoids—about the size of a fruit fly larva’s brain, Jordan said.

    Turning Neural Activity into Binary Signals

    In the lab, scientists connect electrodes to these organoids and monitor their internal activity. By stimulating organoids with tiny electrical currents, scientists can measure their activity as a biological version of binary ones and zeroes.

    Image Credits:A screen showing the activity of the neurons, which is also displayed on the company’s website

    Ten universities are testing FinalSpark’s organoids, and the company streams live neuron activity on its website.

    At the University of Bristol, Benjamin Ward-Cherrier used an organoid to power a robot that recognized braille letters, though encoding and decoding data remain major challenges.

    The Fragility of Living Processors

    “Working with robots is much easier,” he joked, adding that because the organoids are living cells, they eventually die. In fact, one of his experiments ended midway when the organoid died, forcing his team to start over. According to FinalSpark, they can survive up to six months.

    In the U.S., Johns Hopkins researcher Lena Smirnova uses organoids to study autism and Alzheimer’s in search of new treatments.

    She told AFP that while biocomputing remains “pie in the sky” compared to its more immediate biomedical applications, the field could transform dramatically within the next two decades.

    Image Credits:Biocomputing aims to harness the evolutionarily honed — yet still mysterious — computing power o

    AFP’s sources dismissed fears that organoids could develop consciousness.

    Ethical Boundaries and Biological Limits

    Jordan noted the issue borders on philosophy, hence FinalSpark’s work with ethicists. He stressed that organoids lack pain receptors and have only about 10,000 neurons compared to the brain’s 100 billion.

    Still, much about consciousness remains unknown, and Ward-Cherrier hopes biocomputing will reveal more about brain function.

    In the lab, Jordan shows a fridge-like unit with 16 organoids in tubes, their neural activity spiking on a nearby screen.

    Image Credits:FinalSpark employee Flora Brozzi gives the brain cells the fluid they need to survive.

    The brain cells have no known means of sensing the door being opened, yet scientists have spent years trying to uncover the cause.

    “We still don’t know how they perceive it,” Jordan admitted.

    Read the original article on: Techexplore

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