A Simple Dietary Change May Help Shield Your Brain from Dementia

The bacteria in your mouth may play a surprising role in brain health, potentially influencing cognitive decline as you age. A new study reveals that a diet rich in nitrates—found in leafy greens and the Mediterranean diet—could promote beneficial oral bacteria linked to improved memory and reduced dementia risk.

Researchers suggest that the microbial ecosystems in our mouths may significantly impact cognitive function over time. For instance, interventions like prebiotics, including dietary nitrates, might help slow cognitive decline.

Notably, about 15% of older adults experience mild cognitive impairment (MCI), which is the strongest risk factor for developing dementia or Alzheimer’s disease. Earlier studies have already established a connection between periodontitis (gum disease) and declining cognitive function. Scientists have identified two key pathways linking oral health to brain health:

1. Pathogenic oral bacteria may enter the bloodstream and travel to the brain.
2. Harmful bacteria may outcompete nitrate-reducing bacteria, which are critical for producing nitric oxide—a compound vital for synaptic plasticity and long-term brain function.

Study on the Oral Microbiome and Cognitive Health

Anni Vanhatalo and her team analyzed the oral microbiome of 115 participants, 55 of whom had mild cognitive impairment. Some participants carried the apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) allele, which increases the risk of cognitive decline and Alzheimer’s disease. The study found that a high abundance of bacteria in the genus Neisseria was associated with better executive function and visual attention in the MCI group. Among healthy participants, Neisseria also correlated with improved working memory.

On the other hand, a high prevalence of bacteria in the genus Porphyromonas predicted MCI status, while Prevotella intermedia was linked to APOE4-carrier status. The authors emphasize that diet plays a crucial role in shaping the oral microbiome. Specifically, a nitrate-rich diet—such as the Mediterranean or DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diets—favors bacteria associated with positive cognitive outcomes.

In summary, these findings highlight the importance of oral health and dietary choices in maintaining brain health as we age. By prioritizing a diet rich in nitrates, individuals may support beneficial oral bacteria and potentially reduce the risk of cognitive decline.

Read original Article: Scitechdaily

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